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            <title xml:lang="en">Bank erosion and sediment transport in a microscale straight river</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Étude de l'érosion des berges et du transport de sédiments d'une micro-rivière à chenal droit</title>
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                <forename type="first">Lawrence</forename>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Bank erosion and sediment transport in a microscale straight river</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Étude de l'érosion des berges et du transport de sédiments d'une micro-rivière à chenal droit</title>
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                <authority type="institution">Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII</authority>
                <authority type="supervisor">François Métivier et Claude Jaupart</authority>
                <authority type="jury">M. François Métivier (directeur de thèse)</authority>
                <authority type="jury">M. Claude Jaupart (co-directeur de thèse)</authority>
                <authority type="jury">M. Jean-Philippe Avouac (rapporteur)</authority>
                <authority type="jury">M. Gary Parker (rapporteur)</authority>
                <authority type="jury">M. Didier Richard (examinateur)</authority>
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                <term xml:lang="en">tectonics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">offset</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">microscale river</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">experimental modeling</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">sediment transport</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">fluvial dynamics</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">hydraulique fluviale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">transport sédiment</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">analogique</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">rivière expérimentale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">micro-rivière</term>
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              <p>This work dealed with the study of the interactions between tectonics and river morphology. We got interested into the river response to a lateral offset of its channel in order to bring some constraints to the tectonicians that uses terraces offsets to estimate lateral slip rate. This problem was addressed with the use of a laboratory river model of metric size (microscale river). It is shown essentially that (1) experimental microscale channels can be used to study river dynamics, (2) the microscale river, while evolving with a straight channel, denotes a decoupling between the time evolution of its morphology and its sediment transport and (3) the channel response to a lateral offset is characterised by a propagation of an erosion front on the bank exposed to flow that can be described by a kinematic wave, allowing for the channel to return to a stable straight configuration.</p>
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              <p>Ce travail porte sur l'étude de l'interaction entre la tectonique et la morphologie d'une rivière. Nous nous sommes intéressés à la réponse d'une rivière à un décalage horizontal de son chenal afin d'essayer d'apporter des contraintes aux tectoniciens qui utilisent les décalages des terrasses de rivières pour dater et estimer d'anciens rejets de failles. L'approche de ce problème est faite au moyen d'un modèle réduit de rivière d'échelle métrique (micro-rivière). Nous montrons essentiellement (1) que les micro-rivières sont un bon moyen pour étudier la dynamique des rivières, (2) que la rivière, dans son évolution à chenal droit, montre un découplage entre l'évolution en temps de sa morphologie et de son transport de sédiments et (3) que la réponse du chenal au décalage se caractérise par la propagation d'un front d'érosion sur le bord exposé à l'écoulement de type onde cinématique, permettant ainsi au chenal de retrouver une morphologie d'équilibre.</p>
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