S. Aicher and G. Dill-langer, Ranta-Maunus A., « Duration of load effect in tension perpendicular to grain of glulam in different climates, Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, pp.295-305, 1998.

S. Aicher, G. Dill-langer, and W. Klöck, « Evaluation of different size effect models for tension perpendicular to grain strength of glulam, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.35-41, 2002.

M. Ballerini and R. Bezzi, « Numerical LEFM analyses for the evaluation of failure loads of beams loaded perpendicular-to-grain by single-dowel connections, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.34-41, 2001.

M. Ballerini and R. Bezzi, Numerical analyses for the prediction of the splitting strength of beams loaded perpendicular-to-grain by dowel-type connections, Materials and structures, pp.139-149, 2007.
DOI : 10.1617/s11527-006-9156-2

H. J. Bla?, J. Ehlbeck, and M. Schmid, Ermittlung der querzugfestigkeit von voll-und brettschichtholz, Research Report, 1998.

J. F. Bocquet, Modélisation des déformations locales du bois dans les assemblages brochés et boulonnés, Thèse de doctorat, p.170, 1997.

J. Bodig and R. Goodman, « Prediction of elastic parameters for wood, Wood Science, vol.5, issue.4, pp.249-264, 1973.

O. Borth and K. Rautenstrauch, « Estimation of the load-carrying capacity of perpendicular-to-grain bolted timber connections by fracture criterion in the framework of LEFM Joints in Timber Structures, Proceedings of the International RILEM Symposium on, pp.33-42, 2001.

R. Brandner and G. Schickhofer, « System effects of structural elements ? determined for bending and tension, Proceedings of the 9 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2006.

D. M. Carradine, J. D. Dolan, C. P. Heine, . Development, and . The, Displaced Volume Model " to predict failure for multiple-bolt timber joints, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.37-44, 2004.

Y. H. Chui and T. T. Li, Modeling Timber Moment Connection under Reversed Cyclic Loading, Journal of Structural Engineering, vol.131, issue.11, pp.1757-1763, 2005.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:11(1757)

J. K. Denzler and P. Glos, Determination of shear strength values according to EN 408, Materials and structures, pp.79-86, 2007.
DOI : 10.1617/s11527-006-9199-4

A. Dias, J. W. Van-de-kuilen, S. Lopes, and H. Cruz, « A non-linear 3D FEM model to simulate timber?concrete joints », Advances in engineering software, pp.522-530, 2007.

J. Ehlbeck and H. Werner, « Softwood and hardwood embedding strength for dowel type fasteners, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, 1992.

J. Ehlbeck and R. Görlacher, « Tension perpendicular to the grain in joints, 1995.

J. L. González-fueyo, M. Dominguez, J. A. Cabezas, and M. P. Rubio, Design of connections with metal dowel-type fasteners in double shear, Materials and structures, pp.385-397, 2009.
DOI : 10.1617/s11527-008-9389-3

D. W. Green, J. E. Winandy, and D. E. Kretschmann, Mechanical properties of wood, Wood Handbook-Wood as an engineering material, Gen, pp.1-45, 1999.

M. Grekin and T. Surini, Shear strength and perpendicular-to-grain tensile strength of defect-free Scots pine wood from mature stands in Finland and Sweden, Wood Science and Technology, vol.80, issue.2, pp.75-91, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00226-007-0151-8

Z. W. Guan and P. D. Rodd, A three-dimensional finite element model for locally reinforced timber joints made with hollow dowel fasteners, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.27, issue.4, pp.785-797, 2000.
DOI : 10.1139/l00-018

Z. W. Guan and P. D. Rodd, « Hollow steel dowels ? a new application in semi-rigid timber connections », Engineering Structures, pp.110-119, 2001.

H. Haller and P. , « Timber joints in joint research, COST C1 Conference, pp.245-254, 1998.

R. L. Hankinson, P. Hoffmeyer, T. Damkilde, and T. N. Pedersen, Investigation of crushing strength of spruce at varying angles of grain », Air service inform, Circular III, n°259, Structural timber and glulam in compression perpendicular to grain », Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, pp.73-80, 1921.

O. Hoffman, The Brittle Strength of Orthotropic Materials, Journal of Composite Materials, vol.193, issue.2, pp.200-206, 1967.
DOI : 10.1177/002199836700100210

A. J. Jorissen, Double Shear Timber Connections with Dowel Type Fasteners, p.264, 1998.

M. Kasim and J. H. Quenneville, « Effect of row spacing on the capacity of bolted timber connections loaded perpendicular-to-grain, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.35-42, 2002.

F. M. Lam, M. Schulte-wrede, C. C. Yao, and J. J. Gu, « Moment resistance of bolted timber connections with perpendicular to grain reinforcements, Proceedings of the 10 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2008.

H. J. Larsen, « The yield load of bolted, nailed joints, Proceedings of IUFRO-5

H. J. Larsen and P. J. Gustaffson, « Dowel joints loaded perpendicular to grain, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.34-41, 2001.

L. Govic and C. , Les assemblages dans la construction en bois, p.130, 1995.

A. J. Leijten and A. Jorissen, « Splitting strength of beams loaded by connections perpendicular to grain, model validation, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.34-41, 2001.

D. P. Ly, Développement de modèles analytiques pour la prédiction du comportement élastique des assemblages mécaniques à broches dans la construction en bois, Thèse de doctorat, p.236, 2006.

B. Madsen, Structural Behaviour of Timber, Timber Engineering Ltd, p.405, 1992.

. Mis and H. L. Mistler, « Design of glulam beams according to EC5 with regard to perpendicular to grain tensile strength ? a comparison with research results, Holz als Rohund Werkstof, pp.51-59, 1998.

M. Mohammad and J. H. Quenneville, « Bolted wood-steel and wood-steel-wood connections: verification of a new design approach, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.28, pp.254-263, 2001.

P. Dias-de-moraes, Influence de la température sur les assemblages bois, Thèse de doctorat, p.211, 2003.

D. M. Moses and H. G. Prion, A three-dimensional model for bolted connections in wood, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.30, issue.3, pp.555-567, 2003.
DOI : 10.1139/l03-009

J. Natterer, J. L. Sandoz, and M. Rey, Construction en bois : matériau, technologie et dimensionnement, p.473, 2000.

M. Patton-mallory, S. M. Cramer, F. W. Smith, and P. J. Pellicane, Nonlinear Material Models for Analysis of Bolted Wood Connections, Journal of Structural Engineering, vol.123, issue.8, pp.1063-1070, 1997.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:8(1063)

M. Patton-mallory, P. J. Pellicane, and F. W. Smith, Modeling Bolted Connections in Wood: Review, Modeling bolted connections in wood: Review », pp.1054-1062, 1997.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:8(1054)

M. Patton-mallory, P. J. Pellicane, and F. W. Smith, « Qualitative assessment of failure in bolted connections: Maximum stress criterion, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, vol.26, pp.489-496, 1998.

M. Patton-mallory, P. J. Pellicane, and F. W. Smith, « Qualitative assessment of failure in bolted connections: Tsai-Wu stress criterion, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, vol.26, pp.497-505, 1998.

M. U. Pedersen, C. O. Clorius, L. Damkilde, and P. Hoffmeyer, A simple size effect model for tension perpendicular to the grain, Wood Science and Technology, vol.37, issue.2, pp.125-140, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00226-003-0168-6

D. J. Pope and B. O. Hilson, « Embedment testing for bolts a comparison of the European and American procedures, Journal of the Institute of Wood Science, vol.13, pp.568-571, 1995.

J. H. Quenneville and M. Mohammad, On the failure modes and strength of steel-wood-steel bolted timber connections loaded parallel-to-grain, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.27, issue.4, pp.761-773, 2000.
DOI : 10.1139/l00-020

J. P. Quenneville and M. Mohammed, « A proposed Canadian design approach for bolted connections loaded perpendicular-to-grain, Proceedings of the International RILEM Symposium on ''Joints in Timber Structures, pp.61-70, 2001.

P. Racher, Conception des assemblages de structures bois, Forum formation en Rhône-Alpes, pp.63-81, 2001.

P. Racher, Comportement à froid des assemblages bois-métal, Rapport d'étude 2002, p.2, 2002.

D. R. Rammer and S. G. Winistorfer, « Effect of moisture content on dowel bearing strength, Wood and fiber science, vol.33, pp.126-139, 2001.

A. Reffolds, T. N. Reynolds, and B. S. Choo, « An investigation into the tension strength of nail plate timber joints loaded perpendicular to the grain, Journal of the Institute of Wood Science, vol.15, p.1, 1995.

R. G. Reshke, M. Mohammed, and J. P. Quenneville, « Influence of joint configuration parameters on strength of perpendicular-to-grain bolted timber connections, Proceedings of the 6 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2000.

D. S. Riyanto and R. Gupta, « Effect of ring angle on shear strength parallel to the grain of wood », Forest products journal, pp.87-92, 1996.

P. D. Rodd, The analysis of timber joints made with circular dowel connectors, 1973.

K. Sawata and M. Yasumura, Estimation of yield and ultimate strengths of bolted timber joints by nonlinear analysis and yield theory, Journal of Wood Science, vol.49, issue.5, pp.383-391, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s10086-002-0497-3

M. Schmid, H. J. Blaß, and R. P. Frasson, « Effect of distances, spacing and number of dowels in a row on the load carrying capacity of connections with dowels failing by splitting, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.35-42, 2002.

J. Sjödin, E. Serrano, and B. Enquist, Experimentelle und rechnerische Untersuchung des Einflusses von Reibung in Verbindungen mit einem Stabd??bel, Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, pp.363-372, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00107-008-0267-z

L. A. Soltis and . Fastenings, Wood handbook -Wood as an engineering material, Gen, U.S. Department of Agriculture, pp.1-28, 1999.

M. Stevan and K. Milorad, « Failure analysis of curved layered timber constructions, Proceedings of the 9 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2006.

S. W. Tsai and E. M. Wu, A General Theory of Strength for Anisotropic Materials, Journal of Composite Materials, vol.5, issue.1, pp.58-80, 1971.
DOI : 10.1177/002199837100500106

M. Pedersen, O. Clorius, C. Damkilde, L. Hoffmeyer, P. Eskildsen et al., « Dowel type connections with slotted-in steel plates, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.32-39, 1999.

T. C. Van-der-put and A. J. Leijten, « Evaluation of perpendicular to grain failure of beams caused by concentrated loads of joints, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.33-40, 2000.

T. C. Van-der-put and A. J. Leijten, « Splitting strength of beams loaded perpendicular to grain by connections, a fracture mechanical approach, Proceedings of the 8 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2004.

J. W. Van-de-kuilen and M. Dejong, 3D-numerical modelling of DVW -reinforced timber joints, Proceedings of the 8 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2004.

T. L. Wilkinson, R. E. Rowlands, and R. D. Cook, An incremental finite-element determination of stresses around loaded holes in wood plates, Computers and structures, pp.123-128, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0045-7949(81)90091-2

J. E. Winandy and R. M. Rowell, The Chemistry of Wood Strength ? The Chemistry of solid Wood, pp.211-255, 1983.

. Xu, B. H. Xu, M. Taazount, and P. Racher, « Mechanical analysis of timber connection using 3D finite element model, Proceedings of the 10 th World Conference of Timber Engineering, p.8, 2008.

. Xu, B. H. Xu, A. Bouchaïr, M. Taazount, and E. J. Vega, Assemblages bois-métal sollicités en traction perpendiculaire au fil, Rapport des essais ? MSGC-Polytech'Clermont-Ferrand, p.16, 2008.

. Xu, B. H. Xu, A. Bouchaïr, and M. Taazount, Assemblages bois-métal sollicités en flexion, Rapport des essais ? MSGC-Polytech'Clermont-Ferrand, p.8, 2008.

. Xu, B. H. Xu, M. Taazount, A. Bouchaïr, and P. Racher, Numerical 3D finite element modelling and experimental tests for dowel-type timber joints, Construction and Building Materials, pp.3043-3052, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.04.006

B. H. Xu, A. Bouchaïr, M. Taazount, and E. J. Vega, Numerical and experimental analyses of multiple-dowel steel-to-timber joints in tension perpendicular to grain, Engineering Structures, pp.2357-2367, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.05.013

M. Yasumura, T. Murota, and H. Sakai, « Ultimate properties of bolted joints in gluedlaminated timber, Proceedings of CIB-W18 Conference, pp.20-27, 1987.

M. Yasumura and L. Daudeville, Fracture of multiply-bolted joints under lateral force perpendicular to wood grain, Journal of Wood Science, vol.29, issue.3, pp.187-192, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00776448