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            <title xml:lang="en">Critical periods for the growth and the mammary development with an obesogenic food supply, in a rabbit and mouse models : implication of the leptin</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Périodes critiques pour la croissance et le développement mammaire lors d’une alimentation obésogène chez la lapine et la souris : implication de la leptine</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Critical periods for the growth and the mammary development with an obesogenic food supply, in a rabbit and mouse models : implication of the leptin</title>
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                <authority type="institution">Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines</authority>
                <authority type="school">Ecole doctorale des Génomes aux organismes (Versailles ; 2000-2015)</authority>
                <authority type="supervisor">Eve Devinoy</authority>
                <authority type="supervisor">Madia Charlier</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Bernard Mignotte [Président]</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Didier Vieau [Rapporteur]</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Luc Marlier [Rapporteur]</authority>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Mouse</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Rabbit</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Leptin</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Mammary gland</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Souris</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Lapin</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Glande mammaire</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Alimentation</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Leptine</term>
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              <p>Women’s nutrition can have long-term effects on mammary development and on the development and the health of the offspring. Leptin may play a major role during these processes. In the present work we show that leptin synthesis in the mammary gland slightly increases during pregnancy, but largely increases during lactation. We also show that, in the rabbit, milk consumption from obesogenic-fed dams promote the later effects of an obesogenic diet and leads to an abnormal mammary development observed in the offspring. We also highlight the synthesis and the mammary secretion of leptin in a heterologous cellular model. We also evaluate the intra-species variability as well as the growth considering two nutritional windows: obesogenic feeding from the puberty or from the birth, in two lineages of mice, FVB/N and C57BL /6.This work shows that the consumption of altered maternal milk has long-term effects by influencing the growth and the mammary development of the offspring, in rabbit</p>
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              <p>L’alimentation peut influencer le développement mammaire des femmes et compromettre la santé de la descendance. La leptine pourrait jouer un rôle majeur dans ces processus. Nous avons montré que chez la lapine, la synthèse mammaire de leptine était peu élevée en gestation puis augmentait en lactation, et que l’allaitement par une mère hyperadipeuse potentialisait les effets d’un régime obésogène ultérieur et induisait un développement mammaire anormal de la descendance. Nous avons également caractérisé la synthèse et la sécrétion mammaire de leptine, dans un modèle cellulaire hétérologue. Enfin, nous avons évalué la variation intra espèce ainsi que la croissance selon deux fenêtres nutritionnelles : alimentation obésogène administré dès la puberté ou dès la naissance, dans deux lignées murines, FVB/N et C57BL/6.Ce travail montre que la composition du lait maternel est altérée par l’alimentation et influe sur la croissance et le développement mammaire de la descendance, chez le lapin</p>
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