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            <title xml:lang="en">Sugar houses to sugar factories: the "sugar setting" of Bourbon Island, 1783-1848</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Des habitations-sucreries aux usines sucrières : la "mise en sucre" de l'île Bourbon, 1783-1848</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Sugar houses to sugar factories: the "sugar setting" of Bourbon Island, 1783-1848</title>
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                <authority type="institution">université de la réunion</authority>
                <authority type="supervisor">Claude Wanquet</authority>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Industry and Trade</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">History</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Slavery</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">19th Century</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">18th Century</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Reunion Island (France)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Refineries</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Sugar</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Sucre</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Histoire</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Abolition</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Esclavage</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Industrie et commerce</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">19e siècle</term>
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                <term xml:lang="fr">18e siècle</term>
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              <p>Le caractère tardif de l'implantation de l'industrie sucrière à Bourbon La Réunion (entre 1783 et 1810), la délimitation naturelle d'un espace insulaire permettent d'étudier la "mise en sucre" de l'île, autrement qu'à travers les seuls schémas macroéconomiques, et véritablement à hauteur d'usine. Pourquoi un roseau, jusque là utilisé pour l'alcool, a-t-il été employé pour le sucre ? En quoi l'absence de tradition sucrière a-t-elle influé sur les choix technologiques, favorisé le développement de l'industrie, comment fut abordée la question de l'innovation, mis en oeuvre un modèle technique local qui alors s'exporte dans la zone, aux Antilles, au Brésil, jusque dans la presqu'île de Malacca ? Comment l'esclavage, par sa rigidité, a-t-il fini par entraver l'action des planteurs devenus entrepreneurs, et dont l'usine devient dès lors le "chaînon manquant" entre l'échec de la première abolition (1794-1796) et la réussite de la seconde (20 décembre 1848) ?</p>
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              <p>The introduction of the sugar industry in Bourbon island being a relatively recent phenomenon to have taken place within the natural frontiers of an insular region makes it possible to study the actual sugar production in a manner that differs from the sole macroeconomic approach, and could truly be analysed at factory level. Why has a plant, that up till then had been farmed to produce alcohol, been subsequently used to produce sugar ? What incidence has the lack of a sugar-producing tradition had on technological options ? How has it favoured the development of that industry, tackled the problem of the innovation process, and implemented a local technical model that was to be exported within the region, to the Malayan Straits, and as far as the West Indies and Brazil ? In what way has slavery, on account of its inflexibility, finally impeded the action of the planters turned entrepreneurs whose factories have, from then on, become the "missing link" between the failure of the first abolition (1794-1796) and the success of the second (1848) ?</p>
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