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            <title xml:lang="en">University-industry interactions : understanding university licensing strategies and beyond</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">University-industry interactions : understanding university licensing strategies and beyond</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Intellectual property rights</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Knowledge transfer channels</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">University licensing</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Exclusivity clause</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Invention characteristics</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Clauses d’exclusivité</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Caractéristiques de l’invention</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Canaux de transfert de connaissances</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Licences universitaires</term>
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              <p>This thesis primarily focuses on university licensing. To understand the social impact of the university licensing strategies, we examine the link between the degree of exclusivity of licenses and the various characteristics of the licensed inventions. The theoretical and empirical findings of our research suggest that the practices of university technology transfer offices (TTOs) may not always be optimal, underlying the fact that there may still be room for the improvement. We also suggest that, when the innovations are sequential, universities might introduce alternative open source licensing (OSL) strategies. Furthermore, we expand our study by examining the dynamic interactions between various formal and informal channels of transfer. Our longitudinal qualitative methodology suggests that, dynamic interaction creates a strong cumulative effect with respect to the research valorization activity and reinforces the collective dimension of valorization.</p>
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              <p>Cette thèse porte principalement sur les stratégies de licence des universités. Afin de comprendre l’impact social des stratégies de licences universitaires, nous examinons le lien entre le degré d’exclusivité des licences et les diverses caractéristiques des inventions sous licence. Les résultats théoriques et empiriques de nos recherches suggèrent que les pratiques des OTTs ne sont peut-être pas toujours optimales, ce qui laisse à penser que des améliorations pourraient encore être apportées. Lorsque les innovations sont séquentielles, les universités pourraient introduire des stratégies alternatives de licences open source. Nous élargissons notre étude en examinant les interactions dynamiques entre divers canaux formels et informels de transfert de connaissances. Notre analyse qualitative longitudinale suggère que l’interaction dynamique crée un effet cumulatif important vis-à-vis de l’activité de valorisation de la recherche, et renforce la dimension collective de la valorisation.</p>
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