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, Cette thèse cherche à déterminer si les individus manipulent leur mémoire pour oublier certaines informations qui menacent leurs croyances. Elle teste expérimentalement l'existence et la force de la mémoire motivée dans trois contextes économiquement pertinents : les préférences sociales, la performance individuelle et les décisions malhonnêtes
, Le chapitre 1 examine si les individus font preuve de mémoire motivée dans les interactions sociales
, En revanche, la direction et la magnitude des erreurs de mémoire ne diffèrent pas selon la nature des choix. Le chapitre 2 démêle deux mécanismes identifiés comme explications possibles de l'existence de mémoire sélective concernant les performances individuelles : l'auto-renforcement et la congruence de l'humeur. Nous testons l'existence de mémoire motivée dans un environnement contrôlé où les deux théories offrent des prédictions divergentes. Nos résultats supportent l'existence et la dominance relative de l'effet d'auto-renforcement par rapport à la congruence de l'humeur, et soulignent ainsi l'importance des facteurs motivationnels plutôt qu'affectifs dans la formation de croyances motivées, Les individus oublient-ils les conséquences de leurs actes sur autrui ? Le cas échéant, cela dépend-il de la nature (par exemple, égoïste ou altruiste) de leurs actes ? Nos résultats confirment la sélectivité des souvenirs. Les individus se souviennent mieux des conséquences de leurs actions sur autrui lorsqu'ils ont été généreux que lorsqu'ils ont été égoïstes
, Mémoire sélective, Croyances motivées