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                <title xml:lang="en">Aristocraty, kinship, and social reproduction in late medieval Portugal</title>
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                <authority type="institution">Universidade do Porto</authority>
                <authority type="school">École doctorale d'Histoire de l'Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris ; 1992-....)</authority>
                <authority type="supervisor">Joseph Morsel</authority>
                <authority type="supervisor">José Augusto de Sotto Mayor Pizarro</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Amélia Polónia [Président]</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Luís Miguel Duarte</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Paula Pinto Costa</authority>
                <authority type="jury">François Foronda</authority>
                <authority type="jury">Maria de Lurdes Pereira Rosa</authority>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Aristocraty</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Kinship</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Succession</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Inheritance</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Marriage</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Alliance</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Mariage</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Héritage</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Succession</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Reproduction sociale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Parenté</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Noblesse</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Aristocratie</term>
                <term xml:lang="pt">Casamento</term>
                <term xml:lang="pt">Herança</term>
                <term xml:lang="pt">Sucessão</term>
                <term xml:lang="pt">Parentesco</term>
                <term xml:lang="pt">Aristocracia</term>
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              <p>This thesis studies the relation between kinship and the social reproduction of aristocracy. We conceive social reproduction as a process that enabled the stability of the main social structures and relations ; in the case of medieval society, that reproduction also meant the conservation of aristocracy as a dominant group. This thesis is divided in three parts. Firstly, we build the theoretical and methodological grounds of the research, discussing the pertinence of aristocracy as a concept, defining the notions of power and social reproduction, characterising the lineages that were selected to the study, as well as the documents that support our observations. Secondly, we study transmission. We divided this approach into succession and inheritance estates. The formers were indivisible and permitted the reproduction of the prominent basis of aristocracy seigneurial power ; the later were shared between all legitimate heirs, feeding a set of important social relations to the group : the 'spiritualisation’ of the fortune, the provision of all heirs, and the construction of alliance networks. Thirdly, we study alliance practices. We establish medieval conceptions on marriage and analyse how marriages were negotiated. Through the construction of an extensive genealogical corpus, we concluded that most marriages united distant consanguineous relatives ; simultaneously, aristocrats frequently used their close affinity to find spouses. Organised by a clear pattern of social endogamy, this system produced an aristocratic group with dense social relations, structured by their presence in the royal household.</p>
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              <p>Cette thèse porte sur l’articulation entre parenté et reproduction sociale de l'aristocratie. Nous concevons la reproduction sociale comme la stabilité des principales structures et relations sociales ; dans le cas médiéval, cette reproduction signifiait également le maintien de l'aristocratie en tant que groupe dominant. Cette thèse est divisée en trois parties. Tout d'abord, nous construisons les bases théoriques et méthodologiques de la recherche : la pertinence de l'aristocratie en tant que concept, les notions de pouvoir et de reproduction sociale, les lignages qui ont été sélectionnés pour l’étude et les documents qui soutiennent nos observations. Ensuite, nous étudions la transmission, entre la succession et l’héritage. Les biens de succession étaient indivisibles et permettaient la reproduction des bases du pouvoir seigneurial de l'aristocratie. Les biens d’héritage étaient divisés entre tous les héritiers légitimes ; ce partage produisait la « spiritualisation » de la fortune, le maintien de tous les héritiers et la construction de réseaux d'alliances. Finalement, nous étudions les pratiques d’alliance en établissant les conceptions médiévales du mariage et en analysant leur négociation. Grâce à la construction d'un vaste corpus généalogique, nous avons conclu que la plupart des mariages réunissaient des parents consanguins éloignés ; simultanément, les aristocrates utilisaient fréquemment leurs réseaux d’affinité pour trouver des conjoints. Organisé selon une endogamie sociale claire, ce système a produit un groupe aristocratique aux relations sociales denses, structurées par leur présence dans la cour royale.</p>
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