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              <p>In this PhD we present the development of a Class 1 microphone using Optical Feedback Interferometry. The acoustic waves are measured thought the acoustooptic effect. We build a dedicated, repeatable and robust experiment showing the impact of the fringe shape on acquisitions of sub-⁄/2 optical path variations. We demonstrate experimentally that the aquired signal amplitude is linearly coupled to the slope of the fringe, a result not yet explicitly published in the OFI literature. As a second research subject in this PhD we present a demonstrator of the Acoustic LIDAR by Optical Feedback Interferometry for the remote acquisitions of acoustic waves. We develop a demodulation algorithm that extracts the acoustic information from a flow of particles that is made to oscillate by an acoustic wave. The experimental demonstrator is capable of acquiring acoustic waves remotely at over 11 m from the detector.</p>
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              <p>Dans cette thèse, nous présentons le développement d’un microphone de Classe 1 utilisant l’interférométrie à réinjection optique. Les ondes acoustiques sont mesurées grâce à l’effet acousto-optique. Nous construisons une expérience dédiée, répétable et robuste montrant l’impact de la forme de la frange sur les acquisitions de variations de chemin optique sub-⁄/2. Nous démontrons expérimentalement que l’amplitude du signal acquis est couplée linéairement à la pente de la frange, un résultat pas encore explicitement publié dans la littérature OFI. En tant que deuxième sujet de recherche de cette thèse, nous présentons un démonstrateur du LIDAR acoustique par interférométrie à réinjection optique pour les acquisitions à distance d’ondes acoustiques. Nous développons un algorithme de démodulation qui extrait les informations acoustiques d’un flux de particules fait osciller par une onde acoustique. Le démonstrateur expérimental est capable d’acquérir des ondes acoustiques à distance à plus de 11 m du capteur.</p>
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