This Thesis presents a new teaching process to be used in Teacher Training at the University Claude Bernard Lyon1 (IUFM) in 2007: the portfolio. This pedagogical innovation, associated with teacher training and linked to the evaluation of abilities, has raised many questions by both students and teachers. The portfolio is often used in the English speaking world. It is also a process of formation and a tool of recruitment for teachers. What effect could this Anglo-Saxon process have upon the French procedure for training and recruiting teachers? The aim of this study is to understand and explain the impact of this new teaching process upon the development of the personal and professional identity of provisional teachers. It also hopes to understand and explain how to prove the attainment of professional skills and what it consists of. The results, analysed in their anthropological, ergonomical and semiotical dimensions, help to understand the professional development of provisional teachers in terms of identity, the inference of reflection with regards to professional skills, the attainment of skills, and the proposal of a new curriculum to improve the portfolio process