This thesis proposes to develop a modern Chinese archival science and the social use of archives since the mid-twentieth century in the light of the evolution of the state and society value. It is composed of five parts: First of all, we are going to take a historical review with its impact on the archives and the profession of archives in a socio-cultural aspect. Second of all, we’ll look back into the evolution of the archives in China so as to make clearer the context in which the communication and the valorization of the archives have been established. In the third part are explained the origin and the development of the archival legislation in China, from the Qing dynasty till nowadays. Here we’ll consider the legislation of archives in general and the one who concerns more specifically the communication of archives. It’s the basis that is essential to the communication of archives. The forth part presents a comparative study of Chinese politic about the archives communication comparing with that of France, as well as the organization of the lecture rooms— locations where the archivists and their “customers” get in touch with each other directly, are also where confront usually some contradictions. In the last part, we’ll examine the relations between the archivists and its public, which are generally recognized, particularly when it comes to cultural activities, as important means to promote the archives conserved, including the publication, the on-site and virtual exhibitions.