This past century has seen the very quick rise to the prominent issue of global warming. At its root is the ever growing need for “work” energy in our activities, this pressures research into making energy production facilities more efficient and more environmentally friendly. A fundamental law of physics is conservation of energy: it merely gets transformed from one form to another ; while the second law of thermodynamics states that “work” energy can only be collected from an out of equilibrium system, such as the natural flow of energy from “hot” to “cold”, and bounds how much “work” energy can be collected by the universal Carnot efficiency. In practice, the efficiency of the heat engines we use still does not attain this upper bound. Thermoelectricity in this context offers a different and promising way to make or complement traditional heat engines and coolers. Devices leveraging this effect are however still not broadly used as they suffer from a relatively low efficiency when compared to traditional coolers and heat engines. In the recent years, new waves of ideas came from technological progress in miniaturization from the semi-conductor industry and further understanding of the quantum behavior of matter. A new research avenue in thermoelectricity suggests investigating (nano)devices far from equilibrium, in particular in the time-dependent regime. While the vast majority of studies in thermoelectrics have been motivated by arguments valid in the stationary, near equilibrium regime, recent theoretical literature predicts a boost of thermoelectric efficiency in the far from equilibirum, dynamical quantum regime. On the other hand, progress in experimentation at mesoscopic scales with high frequency control enables probing quantum transport at short length and time scales and bring into question the (classical) laws of thermodymanics. Research is ongoing in building a consistent theory of quantum thermodynamics in all regimes and this thesis intervenes in this context: we build a gauge-invariant framework for describing energy transport, on top of the current published research on time-dependent charge transport, in an open electronic quantum system under the influence of a time-dependent electromagnetic field. This framework is based on the semi-classical approach where light is described by the (classical) Maxwell equations and electrons are non-interacting and described by the (quantum) Schrödinger equation. We then use this framework to extend tkwant, a tight-binding time-resolved quantum simulation library, to energy transport: this extended package makes possible the simulation of time-dependent thermoelectric transport in large scale systems that can model a broad class of mesoscopic devices beyond toy models. We illustrate our numerical approach by investigating briefly the dynamical Peltier effect in a two-dimensional Quantum Point Contact then go back to the extensively studied Resonant Level (toy) Model to be able to grasp a more fundamental understanding of the effects at play : we use our approach, in both its numerical and analytical adaptations, and obtain new insights on the potential of time-dependent thermoelectricity in quantum dots.